Doctor+Who+-+Group+1C

• Doctor Who was first aired 23rd November 1963 on BBC. • It was a response by the BBC to the ratings dominance that ITV had held since 1960. • Because of the 1962 Pilkington endorsement of public service, the educative potentials of the new programme were an important consideration. •  Doctor Who was made as a programme to examine technology and history. • The Original series ran from 1963 until 1989 creating 26 series. •<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The target audience was initially school children. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The original series has been described as an episodic serial, they were grouped together in mini serials, most of which ranged from 4 to 7 episodes. This continued until 1989. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> In 2005 Doctor Who had a regeneration of itself, it expanded its audience from children and young people to a more general audience by having more emotional and mature storylines. Also, the new version has higher production values and greater stylistic ambition and was also being aired at 7pm. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> They also moved away from the 25 minute episodic serial, to a more accessible format of 45 minute single episodes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The series has retained the flexibility to tell stories which arc over two or more episodes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The majority of the stories, since its re-release in 2005, have been resolved in a single episode. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Doctor Who is a good example of how programme can oscillate between the series and the serial forms. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The new series is designed to operate in a more competitive television era. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The new series is nearer the ‘cinematic’ end of production value whilst the original had a studio produced look. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The original series has been described as an episodic serial, they were grouped together in mini serials, most of which ranged from 4 to 7 episodes. This continued until 1989. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> In 2005 Doctor Who had a regeneration of itself, it expanded its audience from children and young people to a more general audience by having more emotional and mature storylines. Also, the new version has higher production values and greater stylistic ambition and was also being aired at 7pm. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> They also moved away from the 25 minute episodic serial, to a more accessible format of 45 minute single episodes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The series has retained the flexibility to tell stories which arc over two or more episodes. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The majority of the stories, since its re-release in 2005, have been resolved in a single episode. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Doctor Who is a good example of how programme can oscillate between the series and the serial forms. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The new series is designed to operate in a more competitive television era. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The new series is nearer the ‘cinematic’ end of production value whilst the original had a studio produced look. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The first TV drama was an adaption of the play //The Man With the Flower in his Mouth// by Luigi Pirandello. Early TV was the single play which combined theatrical performance of the live stage but with multi camera studio production which created a sense of intimacy. This continued until the 60’s when the influence of commercial and the development of broadcast television allowed it to better exploit its potentials and therefore TV drama developed distinctive forms and styles of its own. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Television programmes were devised to make regular scheduled appearances rather than singular infrequent ones. <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">TV drama’s can be broken down into 7 key forms and genre’s: <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Anthology drama and single play: __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">single plays dominated in the early years of TV drama, they survived into the age of the serial but had to compete for their audience. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Telefeature: __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A ‘made for TV’ movie which were generally single feature length drama’s. Characters don’t tie over week after week, tends to be a one off. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Docudrama: __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">also termed as a ‘dramadoc’, it has been influential on television for its successive demonstrations that a well-timed programme can provoke audiences to make a political and social difference. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Drama series __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">: The dominant form within TV Drama. According to Dunleavy characters remain from week to week but each episode contains a different story which is usually resolved at the end. However in recent years Drama series have developed popular formats which contain both resolving and continuing stories. Doctor Who is a drama series that contains elements of serials. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sitcom: __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> the term ‘sitcom’ infers a half an hour format and situation based premise. The family audience were the target as sitcoms were aired in the mid-evening time slots and tend to emphasise the nuclear family unit. Narratives of sitcoms tend to deal with entrapment or conflict that is not resolved. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Continuing soap operas: __<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> the narrative of soap operas tend to be open ended, it is characterised by unrelenting serialisation, the multiplicity of stories in each episode, the interlocking interweaving structure within these stories unfold, and a consistent evasion of narrative closure. Dunleavy also draws attention to the method of production having an effect on the content of the soap, for example the usually high output, the multi camera shooting, and the compressed production schedule. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> __High end serial:__ these tend to tell a whole story from beginning to end. Series have an over arching narrative structure with a story which progresses from episode to episode. Unlike soap operas, they tend to have a defined end point and high production values. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Commercially the most significant forms are the series and the serial which have high output and strategic prime time slots. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The television networks favoured the sustainability of the series and serials over the uncertainty of single drama’s. <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Narrative theory and television <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">‘__Classical narrative structure’:__ <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Bulgarian narratologist Tsvetan Todorov (1977) came up with a 5 part structure of a narrative theory. His structure, regardless of how much time elapses between the first and the fifth stages involves: <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Propp’s contribution to the understanding of the typed characters have been important to TV narrative theory because it has helped to contextualise the modes of story telling that television uses. <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Propp identified eight character roles within tales: <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In addition to Propp’s characters he coined together four basic rules for storytelling, these stipulated that: <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The most popular genre on television is series and serial format. This is due to series and serials being able to capture and keep their audience week after week. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Doctor Who has become so successful because it has been able to incorporate both series and serials. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dunleavy, Trisha, //Television Drama: Form, Agency, Innovation// Palgrave Macmillian, (2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> www.goacom.com/images/scales.jpg (accessed 1st Dec 2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://sciencefictionbiology.blogspot.com/2009/01/time-lord-regeneration-physiology-or.html (Accessed 30th Nov 2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://uktv.co.uk/watch/gallery/aid/589676/multipageid/2639 (accessed 30th Nov 2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://difference.weblog.glam.ac.uk/tags/science%20fiction (accessed 30th Nov 2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://bigdumbobject.co.uk/2006/12/new-runaway-bri.html (accessed 30th Nov 2009) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">•<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://uktv.co.uk/watch/gallery/aid/589676 (accessed 30th Nov 2009) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
 * 1) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A state of equilibrium at the outset
 * 2) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A disruption of the equilibrium by some action
 * 3) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A recognition that there has been a disruption
 * 4) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">An attempt to repair the disruption
 * 5) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">A reinstatement of the equilibrium
 * 6) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This narrative model emphasis a basic three part movement from equilibrium, to disequilibrium, and finally back to the equilibrium.
 * 1) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Hero
 * 2) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Villain
 * 3) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Donor
 * 4) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dispatcher
 * 5) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">False hero
 * 6) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Helper
 * 7) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Princess
 * 8) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">And her father
 * 1) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Functions of characters serve as stable, constant elements in a tale, independent of how and by whom they are fulfilled.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The number of functions known to the fairy tale is limited
 * 3) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The sequence of functions is always identical
 * 4) <span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">All fairy tales are of one type in regard to their structure